Handbook of parallel computing models, algorithms and applications

There are many ways of achieving parallelism. Some examples include the use of supercomputers, clusters, network of workstations, and grid computing. In sequential computing, the Random Access Machine (RAM), which executes arithmetic and Boolean operations as well as read and write memory operations, has been universally accepted as an appropriate model of computing. On the other hand, numerous parallel models of computing have been proposed in the literature. These models differ in the way the processors communicate among themselves.